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Micrognathism

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Micrognathism
Other namesMicrognathia, strawberry chin, hypognathia[1] hypognathism
Girl with Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome
SpecialtyMedical genetics

Micrognathism is a condition where the jaw is undersized. It is also sometimes called mandibular hypoplasia.[citation needed] It is common in infants,[citation needed] but is usually self-corrected during growth, due to the jaws' increasing in size. It may be a cause of abnormal tooth alignment and in severe cases can hamper feeding.[2] It can also, both in adults and children, make intubation difficult, either during anesthesia or in emergency situations.

Causes

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Severe micrognathia in a 23-year-old
Micrognathia in Pitt-Rogers-Danks Syndrome (PRDS)

According to the NCBI, the following conditions feature micrognathism:[3]

Micrognathism in Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome
Micrognathism in microcephaly (with normal intelligence)
Micrognathism in Carpenter syndrome

Diagnosis

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It can be detected by the naked eye as well as dental or skull X-Ray testing.[citation needed]

Treatments

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Micrognathia can be treated by surgery and modified eating methods.[medical citation needed] Early detection of the problem and monitoring as the problems grows can help understand it better and find the most effective treatment procedure.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Martínez-Frías, ML; Martín, M; Pardo, M; Torres, M; Cohen MM, Jr (1993). "Holoprosencephaly and hypognathia with two proboscides: report of a case and review of unusual proboscides". Journal of Craniofacial Genetics and Developmental Biology. 14 (4): 231–4. PMID 7883869.
  2. ^ Hong, Paul; Brake, Maria K.; Cavanagh, Jonathan P.; Bezuhly, Michael; Magit, Anthony E. (2012). "Feeding and mandibular distraction osteogenesis in children with Pierre Robin sequence: A case series of functional outcomes". International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. 76 (3): 414–418. doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2011.12.023. ISSN 0165-5876. PMID 22245167.
  3. ^ "Micrognathia (Concept Id: C0025990)". NCBI. Retrieved April 2, 2024.
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