Jiangyin
Jiangyin
江阴市 Kiangyin | |
|---|---|
 JiangYin Changjiang River | |
  Jiangyin Location within Jiangsu | |
| Coordinates: 31°50′20″N 120°17′42″E / 31.839°N 120.295°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Jiangsu |
| Prefecture-level city | Wuxi |
| Government | |
| • Party Secretary | Chen Jinhu (陈金虎) |
| • Mayor | Cai Yeming (蔡叶明) |
| Area | |
| • County-level city | 987.53 km2 (381.29 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 2,415.5 km2 (932.6 sq mi) |
| Population (2010 census) | |
| • County-level city | 1,595,138 |
| • Density | 1,600/km2 (4,200/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,595,138 |
| • Metro | 3,526,260 |
| • Metro density | 1,500/km2 (3,800/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard Time) |
| Postal code | 214400 |
| Area code | 0510 |
| License plates prefix | 苏B |
| Website | www |
Jiangyin (simplified Chinese: 江阴; traditional Chinese: 江陰; pinyin: Jiāngyīn; Wade–Giles: Chiangyin, Jiangyin dialect: [kɐ̞ŋ.jɪŋ]) is a county-level city on the southern bank of the Yangtze River, and is administered by Wuxi, Jiangsu province. Jiangyin is one of the most important transport hubs on the Yangtze River, it is also one of the most developed counties in China. With 1,595,138 inhabitants as of the 2010 census,[1] the city is now part of Jiangyin-Zhangjiagang-Jingjiang built-up or metropolitan area with 3,526,260 inhabitants
Etymology
[edit]Jiangyin's name means "River Shade", from its location on the south or shady side of the Yangtze River.
History
[edit]
Jiangyin was a township of Yanling (延陵; later known as Piling, 毗陵) county initially. Since the township was located in the north of Ji Lake, it was given the name "Jiyang" (暨陽). In 281, it was promoted as a county of Piling commandery. In 558, the north-west part was taken away from then Lanling county (Wujin and its around areas) to create Jiangyin county. It was served as the seat of Jiangyin commandery, of which jurisdiction equating to the modern city's, until the commandery was dissolved in 589. It was elevated to jun (military prefecture) status during Southern Tang, until being restored as a county of Changzhou in 1071. It developed as an important port for overseas trades, and a Maritime Trade Supervisorate (市舶提擧司) was established to manage in 1145. The county became a zhou (smaller prefecture) during Yuan dynasty, but was reduced to county status again in 1367.[1]
In 1472, the sandbank in the Yangtze River was independent from the county to establish Jingjiang county.[2] In 1645, the draconian enforcement of the decree adopting the Manchu hair style and dress inflamed the local Han Chinese people's spirit to resist. Since the ultimatum "either lose your hair or lose your head" was given, they held the walled city against Qing sieges under a magistrate Yan Yingyuan (閻應元) 's leadership.[3]
On 23 April 1987, Jiangyin was approved by the State Council of China to become a county-level city.[4]
Administrative divisions
[edit]At present, Jiangyin City has 5 subdistricts and 11 towns.[5]
- 5 subdistricts
|
- 11 towns
|
Tourist attraction
[edit]Overview
[edit]Jiangyin City is one of the birthplaces of Wu culture, with archaeological evidence indicating that early inhabitants were active in the area as far back as the Neolithic period. There are over 20 ancient sites that bear witness to Jiangyin’s long history, including Qitou Mountain and Gaochengdun. Notable historical and cultural landmarks include the Xinguo Pagoda, the former residence of Xu Xiake, the Shiyuan Garden, the Huangshan Battery Site, the former residence of the Liu brothers, the former Nationalist Jiangyin Fortress Command Center, and the Shecheng Ruins—seven of which are recognized as national cultural heritage sites. Other ancient and modern structures include the Confucius Temple, the Liangwu Weir Ruins, and the former site of the Jiangsu Xuezheng Yamen. Ancient wells and bridges, such as the Shunguojing, the Hupaospring, the Guangji Spring (also known as the Siyan Well), the Wan’an Bridge, the Xidai Bridge, and the Wuyun Bridge, also dot the city.
The city is home to over 150 ancient steles, including the "Stele of Goose Exchange" by Wang Xizhi, the "Heart Sutra Stele," and the "Qingshantang Stone Carvings" by Ni Yunlin. There are more than 40 ancient tombs in the area, including those of Wu Jizha, Wu Wang Bazhi, the Chu Spring Shun Jun Huang Xie, Du Kang (the "Sage of Wine"), General Ling Tong of the Three Kingdoms, Emperor Liang Jing, Xu Xiake, and Yang Mingshi. Additionally, there are over 30 revolutionary sites and relics, including the site of the First Congress of the Jiangyin Communist Party, the Memorial Hall of the Yangtze River Crossing Campaign, Chen Yi's Speech Site, and the former headquarters of the Sixth Division of the New Fourth Army.
Jiangyin is renowned for its three wonders: the eccentric scholar Xu Xiake, the grand Heart Sutra Stele, and the red bean tree personally planted by Prince Xiao Tong of the Liang Dynasty, all of which have gained fame both domestically and internationally. The city is rich in tourism resources, with key attractions including the Riverside Fortress Tourism Area (a national 4A scenic area), the Jiangsu Xuezheng Cultural Tourism Area (a national 4A scenic area), the Changjing Ancient Town Cultural Tourism Area (a national 3A scenic area), the Shuangjing Ecological Park (a national 3A scenic area), and the National Demonstration Zone for Industrial and Agricultural Tourism (Huaxi New Village and Hailan Industrial Park), as well as the Xu Xiake Hometown Cultural Tourism Area.[6]
Xinguo Pagoda
[edit]The Xinguo Pagoda, a nationally recognized key cultural relic protection unit, was originally constructed during the Taiping Xingguo period of the Northern Song Dynasty (976–983 AD). It was initially part of the Taiping Xingguo Temple and was designed as a seven-story pavilion-style pagoda with a brick and wood structure. During the Zhizheng era of the Yuan Dynasty, the pagoda was severely damaged by war. It was restored during the Zhengtong period of the Ming Dynasty, and the number of stories was increased to nine.
In the 22nd year of the Jiaqing reign (1817) of the Qing Dynasty, the Taiping Xingguo Temple was destroyed, and the Xinguo Pagoda was partially damaged, leaving only the brick and stone structure of the pagoda’s body intact. In the 14th year of the Republic of China (1925), during the “Yi-Chou Siege,” a conflict among warlords, the Xinguo Pagoda was once again struck, this time by artillery fire, which damaged the top of the pagoda, giving it the appearance of a pen nib. After the liberation, the pagoda underwent several repairs, and the structure below the sixth floor still contains elements from the original Song Dynasty construction.[7]
Transport
[edit]Rail
[edit]Jiangyin Train Ferry Line is the only one remains across the Yangtze River, it is a part of the Xinyi–Changxing Railway.[8]
A new high-speed railway line has been constructed [9] that links Jiangyin directly to both Shanghai and Nanjing. Furthermore, it is connected to Wuxi by an extension to the existing Wuxi Metro.
Climate
[edit]| Climate data for Jiangyin (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 20.7 (69.3) |
26.8 (80.2) |
29.6 (85.3) |
34.3 (93.7) |
35.6 (96.1) |
38.2 (100.8) |
39.1 (102.4) |
39.4 (102.9) |
37.8 (100.0) |
33.3 (91.9) |
28.8 (83.8) |
23.2 (73.8) |
39.4 (102.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.7 (45.9) |
10.1 (50.2) |
14.8 (58.6) |
21.1 (70.0) |
26.3 (79.3) |
29.1 (84.4) |
32.8 (91.0) |
32.3 (90.1) |
28.2 (82.8) |
23.1 (73.6) |
17.1 (62.8) |
10.4 (50.7) |
21.1 (70.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 3.8 (38.8) |
5.9 (42.6) |
10.1 (50.2) |
16.0 (60.8) |
21.3 (70.3) |
24.9 (76.8) |
28.7 (83.7) |
28.3 (82.9) |
24.2 (75.6) |
18.7 (65.7) |
12.7 (54.9) |
6.3 (43.3) |
16.7 (62.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 0.9 (33.6) |
2.5 (36.5) |
6.3 (43.3) |
11.6 (52.9) |
17.1 (62.8) |
21.4 (70.5) |
25.5 (77.9) |
25.2 (77.4) |
21.0 (69.8) |
15.0 (59.0) |
9.0 (48.2) |
3.0 (37.4) |
13.2 (55.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −9.6 (14.7) |
−8.3 (17.1) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
0.8 (33.4) |
7.4 (45.3) |
12.7 (54.9) |
18.6 (65.5) |
17.9 (64.2) |
10.7 (51.3) |
1.3 (34.3) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
−10.0 (14.0) |
−10.0 (14.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 59.5 (2.34) |
57.0 (2.24) |
77.7 (3.06) |
78.1 (3.07) |
96.8 (3.81) |
213.4 (8.40) |
210.8 (8.30) |
190.7 (7.51) |
93.7 (3.69) |
63.6 (2.50) |
54.4 (2.14) |
38.3 (1.51) |
1,234 (48.57) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 9.8 | 9.4 | 11.0 | 10.5 | 11.1 | 12.5 | 12.7 | 13.0 | 8.8 | 7.5 | 8.3 | 7.4 | 122 |
| Average snowy days | 3.1 | 2.7 | 0.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 1.1 | 8 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 73 | 72 | 70 | 69 | 70 | 77 | 78 | 78 | 76 | 73 | 73 | 70 | 73 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 126.8 | 129.7 | 154.5 | 178.4 | 186.3 | 142.6 | 189.1 | 195.7 | 170.6 | 170.3 | 143.0 | 144.0 | 1,931 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 40 | 41 | 41 | 46 | 44 | 34 | 44 | 48 | 47 | 49 | 46 | 46 | 44 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[10][11] | |||||||||||||
Notable people
[edit]- Li Jinjun, Chinese (PRC) Ambassador to North Korea (DPRK) (from 2015)
- Liu Bannong (1891–1934) - writer
- Liu Tianhua (1895–1932) - musician and composer
- Miao Quansun (缪荃孙) (1844–1919) - Academic, catalog writer, bibliophile, founder of modern Chinese librarianship
- Shangguan Yunzhu - movie star
- Xu Xiake (1587–1641) - noted traveller and geographer
- Yu Minhong - Chairman and President of New Oriental Education & Technology Group
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ 中国历史大辞典·历史地理卷 [The Great Encyclopaedia of Chinese History, Volume on Historical Geography] (in Chinese). Shanghai Cishu Press. 1996. pp. 350–1. ISBN 7-5326-0299-0.
- ^ Cheng (1992), p. 14.
- ^ Cheng (1992), p. 15.
- ^ Cheng (1992), p. 1383.
- ^ "无锡市-行政区划网 www.xzqh.org" (in Chinese). XZQH. Retrieved 2012-05-24.
- ^ "百科参考资料". baike.baidu.com. Retrieved 2024-08-22.
- ^ "百科参考资料". baike.baidu.com. Retrieved 2024-08-22.
- ^ "新长车务段多管齐下确保轮渡运输安全". www.peoplerail.com. Retrieved 2017-06-18.
- ^ "New high-speed line to join Shanghai, Nanjing". www.chinadaily.com.cn. 2017-06-17. Retrieved 2018-09-06.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
References
[edit]- Cheng, Yizheng (1992). Jiangyin Municipal Chorography. Shanghai People's Publishing House. ISBN 7-208-01458-2.
External links
[edit]- Official Site
- Jiangyin: An Example of China's Modern Cities
- Jiangyin Online
- Jiangyin Port
- Jiangyin City English guide (Jiangsu.net)
- 3D map of Jiangyin in Chinese
- www.virtualtourist.com - Jiangyin - Travel Guide
Jiangsu topics | |
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| General | |
| Geography | |
| Education | |
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| Geographic | |
